Development Trends and Value of Source-Grid-Load-Storage Smart Microgrid

This document explores the development trends and value of source-grid-load-storage smart microgrids, which are small power systems integrating distributed generation, storage, loads, and monitoring. It defines smart microgrids as autonomous systems capable of self-control and island operation, supported by policies like China's 14th Five-Year Plan and Energy Law. Key trends include user-side distributed photovoltaics evolving from single generation to integrated photovoltaic-storage-load projects, enhancing controllability and market competitiveness. Business models shift from contract energy management to integrated power hosting and virtual power plant participation. New policies reduce barriers, exempting smart microgrids from electricity business licenses and requiring grid support. The document highlights three microgrid types: user-type, networked, and those solving spot price risks. It emphasizes the role of virtual power plants and smart microgrids as new market entities, aggregating distributed resources for flexible trading. The Energy Law mandates grid smartification and fair market access, promoting investment in energy infrastructure. Overall, smart microgrids offer value in optimizing renewable energy use, reducing peak capacity demands, and enabling green electricity traceability, driving the transition to a low-carbon power system.