Energy Storage Battery Failure Warning and Proactive Safety Maintenance Technology

This document presents a comprehensive study on energy storage battery failure warning and proactive security operation and maintenance technology, delivered by the Battery Safety Laboratory at Tsinghua University. It covers accident investigations of energy storage batteries, including the 4·16 Dahongmen Energy Storage Power Station fire, which revealed design flaws leading to arc ignition and thermal runaway. The failure mechanisms discussed include arc initiation, lithium evolution, internal short circuits, and sudden battery death, with detailed analysis of large-capacity cells like 600Ah lithium iron phosphate. Active prevention and control technologies are proposed, such as arc detection and suppression methods, including smoke induction and circulation detection. The document emphasizes the need for robust safety protocols, BMS improvements, and thermal management to prevent catastrophic failures. It also highlights the role of government-commissioned investigations and the establishment of key laboratories for battery safety. The goal is to enhance the reliability and safety of energy storage systems through advanced monitoring and proactive maintenance strategies.