Safety Requirements for Lithium Accumulators in Energy Storage

This document outlines comprehensive safety requirements for lithium accumulators used in energy storage systems, covering cells, batteries, and battery systems. It defines key components such as cell blocks, battery packs, and battery management systems (BMS), emphasizing the need for protective housings and terminal arrangements. The standard addresses first-life cells and batteries, excluding reuse or second-life applications. Safety considerations include two sets of limits: one for normal operation and another for fault conditions, with strict guidelines on charging voltage, current, and temperature to prevent thermal runaway. Testing procedures are detailed, including internal short-circuit tests, propagation tests via laser, and impact tests for cylindrical and prismatic cells. The document mandates that cells must not exceed manufacturer-specified upper charging voltage limits and requires BMS control to maintain safe operating regions. It also specifies test conditions such as ambient temperature discharge, six-month storage limits, and fire suppression systems. The goal is to ensure safe installation, use, and maintenance of lithium accumulators, with a focus on preventing fire, explosion, and excessive pressure release.