Heilongjiang Frequency Regulation Market Rules Interpretation

This document interprets the frequency regulation market rules in Heilongjiang Province, China, as of May 2025. It explains why power systems need frequency regulation due to various load fluctuations, categorized by amplitude and period. The document details primary, secondary, and tertiary regulation mechanisms, with a focus on Automatic Generation Control (AGC) for secondary frequency regulation. It describes control modes like Flat Frequency Control and Tie-line Bias Control, and defines Area Control Error (ACE) with its control zones: dead band, command, allowable, and emergency zones. Key performance indicators for frequency regulation are introduced: regulation rate (k1), regulation accuracy (k2), and response time (k3), along with the concept of regulation mileage. The document also outlines how frequency regulation ancillary services work, either through generation side adjustment via AGC or load control via demand-side response, emphasizing the capacity coupling effect where units must reserve capacity for real-time demands.